What is a colposcopy?

A colposcopy is a simple visual examination of the cervix (the neck of the womb) with a bright light and a magnification tool called a colposcope. It is a painless and effective way of checking the cervix.

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Why do I need this examination?

You have been asked to come for a further examination because your cervical smear test was abnormal. This is not unusual, as about one in ten tests are abnormal.

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What does an abnormal smear result mean?

This usually means that some changes have been found on the cervix. These early changes act as early warning signals that cervical cancer may develop in the future. It is very rare that these changes are cancer.

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How should I prepare for my examination?

If you are having a period it is still possible to have the examination but please ring the clinic on the day of your appointment just to confirm this. We advise you to wear separates (e.g. a skirt and top or trousers and a top) so that you do not have to fully undress. You can have this examination if you are pregnant without any harm to your baby, or your ability to become pregnant again.

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Where do I go for my appointment?

You will have your appointment at the colposcopy unit, which is based in Chatsworth House at the back of the hospital.

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What will my examination be like?

The whole examination usually takes about 10-15 minutes.
 
You will be shown into an examination room and asked to remove your lower clothing, although a full skirt need not be removed. You will then be asked to lie on a special couch and the doctor or nurse will gently insert a speculum just as when you had your smear test taken. Then the cervix and vagina are examined with the colposcope, which is like a big magnifying glass. It does not touch you or go inside you.

In order to see if the cervical cells are abnormal, the doctor will dab a harmless liquid dye on the cervix or vagina with cotton wool. If the cells are abnormal, there is usually a definite area that stains in a different way from the rest of the cervix. You may be able to see this on a video screen attached to the colposcope if you wish. Picture records of the cervix will be kept in your medical notes.

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What is a biopsy?

If abnormal looking areas are seen, a tiny sample of the cervical cells (a biopsy) will be taken for further examination in the laboratory. It may sting briefly, but is not usually painful. If you have had a biopsy you may bleed for a few days afterwards and you will be given information about what to expect.

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What happens after my examination?

You can then get dressed and the doctor may be able to tell you what the problem is and what treatment, if any, you need.

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How will I be told the results?

The colposcopy examination shows the type and extent of the abnormal area, and the doctor or nurse can explain this to you right after your examination.

The results and information about what further follow-up is needed will then be sent to you in the post normally four weeks after your appointment. Copies of any results will also be sent to your GP.

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